NIST CSF 2.0 added Govern (GV) as the 6th function, recognising that cybersecurity risk is enterprise risk. This 24-row register exercises all six functions (Govern, Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover) and references the specific category that each risk maps to. Use as a Tier 2/3 implementation example or NIST 800-30 risk-assessment input.
NIST 800-30 aligned: Likelihood × Impact (1–5 each). CSF 2.0 introduces explicit risk-tolerance setting under GV.RM-02; residual must align with the documented organisational tolerance.
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-01 | Risk-management strategy undefined | Cyber-risk not on board agenda | 4×4=16 | Quarterly board cybersecurity review; risk-tolerance statement signed by CEO. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | CEO / Board | GV.RM |
| R-02 | Cybersecurity roles undefined | No CISO; security duties scattered | 3×4=12 | Documented org chart; CISO or equivalent designated; RACI to CSF categories. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | CEO | GV.RR |
| R-03 | Policies stale / inconsistent | Last reviewed >12 months | 4×3=12 | Annual policy review w/ owner-tracked CRs; document-management system. | 2×2=4 | Mitigate | CISO | GV.PO |
| R-04 | Supply-chain risk ignored | No third-party programme | 4×5=20 | Tiered TPRM: SBOM for software, due-diligence questionnaire, contract clauses. | 2×4=8 | Mitigate | Vendor Mgmt | GV.SC |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-05 | Asset inventory missing | Unknown EC2 instances; shadow SaaS | 5×4=20 | CMDB + cloud-discovery + SaaS-discovery feeding unified inventory; weekly sync. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | IT | ID.AM |
| R-06 | Critical-business-impact analysis stale | BIA last done years ago | 3×4=12 | Annual BIA; tier-rated services; RTO/RPO per tier. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | BCM | ID.BE |
| R-07 | Risk assessment not conducted | No formal risk assessment | 4×5=20 | Annual NIST 800-30 risk assessment; quarterly risk-register update. | 2×4=8 | Mitigate | CISO | ID.RA |
| R-08 | Improvements not driven by lessons | Post-incident reviews don't feed roadmap | 3×3=9 | Lessons-learned tracker w/ owner + due date; reviewed at quarterly steering committee. | 2×2=4 | Mitigate | CISO | ID.IM |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-09 | Identity-mgmt weakness | Shared accounts; no MFA | 5×5=25 | Unique IDs; FIDO2 MFA; SSO; least privilege; quarterly access reviews. | 2×4=8 | Mitigate | IT | PR.AA |
| R-10 | Awareness & training gap | Annual training only; no role-based content | 4×3=12 | Pre-access mandatory training; role-based content for engineers, finance, exec. | 2×2=4 | Mitigate | HR + Security | PR.AT |
| R-11 | Data-security gap | Backups in clear text | 3×5=15 | AES-256 at rest; TLS 1.2+ in transit; KMS-managed keys; encrypted backups. | 1×4=4 | Mitigate | SRE | PR.DS |
| R-12 | Platform security gap | Unhardened production hosts | 4×4=16 | Hardening baseline (CIS); auto-remediation; image-build pipeline w/ CIS scan. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | SRE | PR.PS |
| R-13 | Tech-infrastructure resilience gap | Single AZ deployment | 3×5=15 | Multi-AZ minimum; multi-region for tier-1; chaos testing. | 2×4=8 | Mitigate | SRE | PR.IR |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-14 | Anomaly detection missing | No SIEM; logs not centralised | 4×5=20 | Centralised SIEM; UEBA; alerting on high-risk patterns; 24/7 SOC. | 2×4=8 | Mitigate | SecOps | DE.AE |
| R-15 | Continuous monitoring gap | Cloud config not monitored | 4×4=16 | CSPM (e.g., Wiz, Prowler); critical-finding alerting; remediation SLA. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | SecOps | DE.CM |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-16 | Response plan untested | Plan exists but no tabletop | 4×5=20 | Annual tabletop covering top-3 scenarios; documented after-action report. | 2×4=8 | Mitigate | CISO | RS.MA |
| R-17 | Analysis weakness during incident | No defined triage roles | 3×4=12 | Documented severity matrix; incident-commander rotation; on-call rota. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | SecOps | RS.AN |
| R-18 | Incident communication gap | Customers learn of breach via media | 3×4=12 | Communications plan w/ customer / regulator / media playbooks; pre-approved templates. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | Comms / Legal | RS.CO |
| R-19 | Incident mitigation failure | Containment delayed > 24h | 3×5=15 | Pre-approved isolation playbooks; emergency-change process; SOC authority to isolate. | 2×4=8 | Mitigate | SecOps | RS.MI |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-20 | Recovery plan untested | DR plan exists; never restored | 3×5=15 | Quarterly test-restore (data) + annual full-DR drill; documented RPO/RTO. | 1×4=4 | Mitigate | SRE | RC.RP |
| R-21 | Recovery comms gap | Customers / regulators receive inconsistent post-incident updates | 2×3=6 | Recovery-comms playbook; designated spokesperson; status-page integration. | 1×2=2 | Mitigate | Comms | RC.CO |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-22 | Audit trail of governance decisions missing | Risk acceptances not documented | 3×3=9 | Risk-acceptance form requiring named approver, justification, expiry/review. | 1×2=2 | Mitigate | GRC | GV.OV |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-23 | Improvements not measured | No security metrics | 3×3=9 | Metric set (MFA coverage %, patch SLA %, time-to-detect, time-to-respond) on dashboard. | 1×2=2 | Mitigate | CISO | ID.IM-04 |
| ID | Threat | Vulnerability | Inherent | Control | Residual | Treatment | Owner | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-24 | Insider threat unmonitored | No UEBA; high-trust roles unmonitored | 3×4=12 | UEBA on privileged accounts; data-exfil DLP; periodic insider-risk review. | 2×3=6 | Mitigate | SecOps | PR.AA-05 |
CSF itself is voluntary, but downstream regulations (FTC Safeguards, NYDFS 23 NYCRR 500, federal acquisition regulations) cite NIST guidance, and EO 14028 effectively requires CSF alignment for federal sales.
CSF describes outcomes; 800-53 provides the controls. CSF Implementation Examples reference 800-53 controls. For full FedRAMP / FISMA alignment use 800-53 directly.
Govern (GV) covers cyber-risk strategy, governance, roles, supply chain. Identify (ID) covers asset/risk/threat understanding. GV is the new 2.0 function ensuring strategy ties cyber to enterprise risk.
Tier 1 (Partial) = ad-hoc, reactive. Tier 4 (Adaptive) = continuous, integrated. Tiers are NOT maturity targets — pick a Tier appropriate to your threat environment.
Drop your current policy or describe your environment — ComplianceIQ scores every clause against the framework and tells you which register rows are actually mitigated.
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